\n
Sahar Bagheri is a Ph.D. candidate in Political Economy in the IRIS laboratory (USPN) and a Non-Tenured Teaching and Research Fellow in Economics at the University of Sorbonne Paris Nord. Her research focuses on development studies, particularly on the political economy of stateless nations and social conflicts, concentrating on the Kurds in the Middle East. Her doctoral dissertation examines the political economy of the Kurdish national struggle in Iran from 1979 to 2024. She holds a Bachelor’s in Economics from Allameh Tabatabai University in Tehran and a Master’s in Development and Planning Economics from Alzahra University in Tehran. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Doctorant en \u00e9conomie politique au sein du laboratoire IRIS (USPN)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nSahar Bagheri est doctorante en \u00e9conomie politique au sein du laboratoire IRIS (USPN) et charg\u00e9e de cours et de recherche non titulaire en \u00e9conomie \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord. Ses recherches portent sur les \u00e9tudes de d\u00e9veloppement, en particulier sur l’\u00e9conomie politique des nations sans \u00c9tat et des conflits sociaux, avec un accent sur les Kurdes au Moyen-Orient. Sa th\u00e8se de doctorat examine l’\u00e9conomie politique de la lutte nationale kurde en Iran de 1979 \u00e0 2024. Elle est titulaire d’une licence en \u00e9conomie de l’Universit\u00e9 Allameh Tabatabai \u00e0 T\u00e9h\u00e9ran et d’un master en \u00e9conomie du d\u00e9veloppement et de la planification de l’Universit\u00e9 Alzahra \u00e0 T\u00e9h\u00e9ran.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\nABSTRACT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0632: \u0631\u0698\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0632\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u06a9\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Survival Through Cross-border Informality: How Iran\u2019s Regime Consolidates Power via Border Economies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Cross-border informality in the Middle East, often viewed through a security lens, offers crucial insights into the political economy of regimes like Iran. This presentation argues that such informality illuminates the Iranian regime’s resilience, both politically and economically, and its intricate relationship with organized corruption. While mainstream economics emphasizes oil, state-business relations, and social contracts, research on the MENA region highlights the role of border economies. These borderlands, where state and market intersect, offer a unique window into Iranian authoritarian durability. Drawing on institutional economics, this presentation explores three key dimensions. First, rents generated through smuggling, akin to those from protected industries, create politically consequential elite, aligning their interests with regime continuity. Second, these economies buffer the regime against internal and external shocks, such as international sanctions. Third, informal trade constitutes a crucial component of social pacts between the state, citizens, and elites, contributing to stability and control in borderlands. Focusing on the Kurdish regions along the Iran-Iraq frontier, this presentation demonstrates how the state’s selective resource distribution and spatial projection of power have fostered a specific border development pattern. It argues that the cross-border smuggling networks of oil, currency, and other commodities enable the Iranian state to survive during challenging times while simultaneously controlling Kurdistan. By transforming this border region into a zone of intensified state presence and influence (a “state space”), the regime extracts rents, reinforces the core-periphery development dynamic, and establishes informal cross-border trade as a major employer of the Kurdish workforce. This analysis reveals how the regime leverages border economies to consolidate power and ensure its resilience, highlighting the crucial link between smuggling and statecraft in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Survie par l’informalit\u00e9 transfrontali\u00e8re : comment le r\u00e9gime iranien consolide son pouvoir via les \u00e9conomies frontali\u00e8res<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
L’informalit\u00e9 transfrontali\u00e8re au Moyen-Orient, souvent per\u00e7ue \u00e0 travers un prisme s\u00e9curitaire, offre des perspectives cruciales sur l’\u00e9conomie politique des r\u00e9gimes comme l’Iran. Cette pr\u00e9sentation soutient que cette informalit\u00e9 \u00e9claire la r\u00e9silience du r\u00e9gime iranien, tant sur le plan politique qu’\u00e9conomique, ainsi que sa relation complexe avec la corruption organis\u00e9e. Alors que l’\u00e9conomie traditionnelle met l’accent sur le p\u00e9trole, les relations entre l’\u00c9tat et les entreprises, et les contrats sociaux, les recherches sur la r\u00e9gion MENA soulignent le r\u00f4le des \u00e9conomies frontali\u00e8res. Ces zones frontali\u00e8res, o\u00f9 l’\u00c9tat et le march\u00e9 se rencontrent, offrent une fen\u00eatre unique sur la durabilit\u00e9 autoritaire iranienne. S’appuyant sur l’\u00e9conomie institutionnelle, cette pr\u00e9sentation explore trois dimensions cl\u00e9s. Premi\u00e8rement, les rentes g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par la contrebande, similaires \u00e0 celles des industries prot\u00e9g\u00e9es, cr\u00e9ent des \u00e9lites politiquement influentes, alignant leurs int\u00e9r\u00eats avec la continuit\u00e9 du r\u00e9gime. Deuxi\u00e8mement, ces \u00e9conomies prot\u00e8gent le r\u00e9gime contre les chocs internes et externes, tels que les sanctions internationales. Troisi\u00e8mement, le commerce informel constitue un \u00e9l\u00e9ment crucial des pactes sociaux entre l’\u00c9tat, les citoyens et les \u00e9lites, contribuant \u00e0 la stabilit\u00e9 et au contr\u00f4le des zones frontali\u00e8res. En se concentrant sur les r\u00e9gions kurdes le long de la fronti\u00e8re Iran-Irak, cette pr\u00e9sentation d\u00e9montre comment la distribution s\u00e9lective des ressources par l’\u00c9tat et la projection spatiale du pouvoir ont favoris\u00e9 un mod\u00e8le de d\u00e9veloppement frontalier sp\u00e9cifique. Elle soutient que les r\u00e9seaux de contrebande transfrontali\u00e8re de p\u00e9trole, de devises et d’autres marchandises permettent \u00e0 l’\u00c9tat iranien de survivre pendant les p\u00e9riodes difficiles tout en contr\u00f4lant le Kurdistan. En transformant cette r\u00e9gion frontali\u00e8re en une zone de pr\u00e9sence et d’influence accrues de l’\u00c9tat (un “espace \u00e9tatique”), le r\u00e9gime extrait des rentes, renforce la dynamique de d\u00e9veloppement centre-p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie et \u00e9tablit le commerce transfrontalier informel comme un employeur majeur de la main-d’\u0153uvre kurde. Cette analyse r\u00e9v\u00e8le comment le r\u00e9gime utilise les \u00e9conomies frontali\u00e8res pour consolider son pouvoir et assurer sa r\u00e9silience, mettant en lumi\u00e8re le lien crucial entre la contrebande et l’art de gouverner en Iran.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u06cc ABSTRACT (EN) ABSTRACT (FR) ABSTRACT Sahar Bagheri is a Ph.D. candidate in Political Economy in the IRIS laboratory (USPN) and a Non-Tenured Teaching and Research Fellow in Economics at the University of Sorbonne Paris Nord. Her research focuses on development studies, particularly on the political economy of stateless nations and social conflicts, concentrating […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[102,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-102","category-conferences"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3227","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3227"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3227\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3734,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3227\/revisions\/3734"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aciiran.com\/farsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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